Market Research Glossary

Market Research Glossary

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There are currently 31 names in this directory beginning with the letter H.
Hall Test
It is where research participants are invited to a central location to participate in some (usually quantitative) market research.
Halo Effect
It is a form of response bias where a respondent carries an overall generalised positive or negative impression from one specific characteristic to the next, e.g. if a respondent considers a product to be excellent, then he or she is likely to rate the product highly on taste, appearance and texture etc.
Hand Tab
It is the simplest type of tabulation possible, consisting of a manual count of the answers to certain questions on the questionnaire.
Handout Cards
are Printed cards, pictures, statements, actual products, or advertisements given or shown to a respondent during the course of an interview, and usually relating to specific questions within the questionnaire.
Hash Mark
A way of tallying or counting by accumulating identical lines into groups of five. Each mark or line represents one respondent or item.
Head of Household
It is that member of the household who is responsible for the household having that accommodation, either by owning, renting or having it rent-free. Where two or more people share this responsibility, the researcher should specify who to include in the study.
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) is a federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge.
Hedonic Scale
It is a scale that indicates the extent of respondents' overall liking or disliking for something, eg a product they tasted or a concept they viewed.
Heteroscedasticity
Heteroscedasticity means unequal scatter. In regression analysis, we talk about heteroscedasticity in the context of the residuals or error term. 
Hidden Issue Questioning
It is a technique used during depth interviews that aims to identify significant personal views that would otherwise not be revealed by respondents using a direct approach.
Hierarchy-of-Effects Model
It is a marketing behavioural response model consisting of stages through which a buyer is presumed to go, including: awareness, knowledge, liking, preference, intention to buy and purchase.
Histogram
It is a vertical bar chart where the height of the bars represents the data.
History
It is Changes that occur between the beginning and end of an experiment.
History Error
occurs in experiments when an unexpected (but significant) effect occurs that has an impact on the dependent variable being measured.
Holistic Test
It is a test that aims to assess participants’ reaction to a product or concept as a whole (in contrast to an atomistic test that examines reactions to the individual elements).
Home Audit
It is a survey where an interviewer enters a participant’s home to take an inventory of specific products present at that time.
Home Use Test
It involves participants evaluating products in their own homes, or more generally, in a natural usage environment. The purpose of the test is to make an evaluation of a product after more experience with it than just some initial use.
Homogeneous Groups
The group consists of people with the same or very similar.
Homoscedasticity
Homoscedasticity suggests equal levels of variability between quantitative dependent variables across a range of independent variables that are either continuous or categorical. 
Honorarium
The payment provided to survey respondents or focus group participants.
Host or Hostess
is the person whose major responsibility is the comfort of clients, guests and respondents at a focus group or central location test.
Hostess
referred to as a qualitative assistant, is an individual who is present for assistance at focus group discussions.
House to House Distribution
Delivery of goods or literature to the consumer's front door or mailbox.
Household
It includes some intersection of keywords relating to residency requirements, common food consumption, and intermingling of income or production decisions.
Householder
A householder is a person in whose name the housing unit is rented or owned. 
Housing Unit
A housing unit is a single unit within a larger structure that can be used by an individual or household to eat, sleep, and live. 
HTML Survey
A questionnaire that is based on a web site. Potential respondents are invited to participate in the survey (by a banner advert or other message) and then they are given a link to a satellite site where they complete a questionnaire.
Humanistic Inquiry
humanistic inquiry in marketing research usually would be applied to social units, social processes, or social products in which human beings would serve as the primary data source.
Hypothesis
It is an unproven statement that aims to describe a relationship or phenomenon that is relevant to a business.
Hypothesis Test of Proportions
A hypothesis test examines two mutually exclusive claims about a parameter to determine which is best supported by the sample data. The parameter is usually the mean or proportion of some population variable of importance to the marketer. ... The alternative or research hypothesis (HA) is the opposite of the null.
Hypothesis Testing
It is a statistical procedure used to compare a sample mean to a specified value or to compare a pair of sample means.